Teeth Whitening
Many patients are looking for ways to improve their smile quickly and effectively. Whitening is one of the easiest ways to noticeably change the appearance of teeth without damaging the tooth structure. Teeth are made up of interlocking tubes called tubules. Staining agents such as wine, coffee or cigarette smoke can hide between the tubules and cause the color of the teeth to change. Whitening works to dissolve the stains between these tubules. There are two types of teeth stains and the recommended delivery as well as success of the whitening agent will depend on the staining.
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Extrinsic stains come from outside the teeth. Examples would be coffee or tea, smoking, wine, mouthwashes or plaque buildup.
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Intrinsic stains are stains that come from within the tooth. Sources of intrinsic stains include trauma, medical conditions, age, certain medications (such as tetracycline) or severe fluoride over usage. Intrinsic stains may be harder to remove than extrinsic stains. In severe cases of intrinsic staining, several rounds of whitening or veneers or crowns may be recommended.
Teeth Whitening Products
There are several over the counter and professional products to help you obtain your whitest smile.
Over the counter (OTC) products are widely used by the general population. The main advantage is cost. Prices range from $5 to $90 so there is something to fit every patient’s budget. However, ease of use and results vary tremendously. Most products are “one size fits all” even though mouth size and tooth positions are different in every person. Because of this, products may be messy to use. If the whitening agent spreads onto the gums or areas of recession, it will cause damage, sensitivity or pain. Because they are easily available, OTC whitening products come in a lower strength than is available through dental offices and may not help in heavier stained teeth.
Professional whitening products are available in higher strengths and may deliver better and faster results. Patients may choose from take-home or in-office options. The most commonly used take-home whitening option is custom made trays. Molds are made of the teeth and clear trays are customized to fit the patient’s tooth size and position. A concentrated gel is placed in the trays and they are worn over the teeth for a specified amount of time. Treatment time will vary based on individual needs. In-office whitening uses the highest concentration of whitening agent and so must be applied in a controlled environment by a trained professional. A barrier is placed over the gums for protection and the whitening agent is applied directly to the teeth by the professional.
Are Lights the best way to whiten teeth?
A light may or may not be used during the procedure depending on the brand of whitening agent to be used. The ADA Council on Scientific Affairs (September 2009) found that “of studies conducted, most found no added benefit for light activated systems”.
Is tooth whitening safe?
Yes, tooth whitening is safe when it is used properly and under the supervision of a dental professional.
How long will my results last?
Results will vary based on individual patient habits. Frequent coffee drinkers or smokers for example will notice their teeth stain more quickly.
Who may not be a candidate for whitening?
Pregnant women, patients with unfilled cavities, gum disease, severe recession, sensitivity or extensive dental work should discuss teeth whitening with their dentist prior to beginning any regimen.
